库克斯坦福大学演讲全文附中英文版

不要浪费自己的时间去过别人的生活，库克斯坦福大学演讲全文附中英文版。

苹果CEO蒂姆·库克上周日在斯坦福大学发表演讲，在演讲中，他谈及科技公司的责任、隐私问题等等。以下为演讲全文：

谢谢。2019届的同学们好！感谢Tessier-Lavigne校长对我的介绍不吝赞美之词。我尽量做到让大家满意。开始之前，我想说很多人为今天毕业庆典的举办做出了努力，场地看护人员，引导员，志愿者和其他工作人员，谢谢你们！

收到贵校的邀请，我还是有点受宠若惊的，因为我知道对你们来说意义非常。毕业生们，你们是今天的主角，但是取得今天的成绩少不了所有人的支持：家人，朋友，老师，人生导师，亲人，当然还有你们的父母，他们同你们一起努力走到今天，与你们共享喜悦。在父亲节这一天，我们要特别为爸爸们鼓掌！

我对斯坦福不陌生，并不是因为我就住在离这儿只有1.5英里的地方。当然，大家可能还没听出我的口音，早年我也只能在远方羡慕这里的同学，因为我的母校是地处美国另一端，亚拉巴马州内陆的奥本大学。

你们可能不知道，我大学四年都是校帆船队的队员。挺不容易的，因为那时候最近的帆船赛场也有三个小时车程，所以我们经常需要等到特大暴雨把橄榄球场淹了之后才有练习的机会。谁知道给缆绳打个结也那么难啊！？但是也不知道怎么回事，我们居然每次都打败斯坦福，一定是风帮了忙。

玩笑放一边，我知道我为什么来这里，我知道我的责任。斯坦福和硅谷休戚与共，共处于一个生态系统，这种关系和14年前乔布斯站在这里时没有变化，而且很可能未来很长一段时间也是这样。过去的几十年成就了我们，但是今天我们需要聚在一起反思一下。

咖啡因和代码，乐观主义和理想主义，信念和创造力驱动了一代代的斯坦福毕业生，和肄业生，用技术再造了我们的社会。但是我想大家都同意，我们努力的结果最近看起来并不是那么美妙和明确了。同学们在校园里度过的这四年间，情势发生了巨大变化。危机冲淡了乐观情绪，后果挑战了理想主义，现实动摇了盲目的信仰。然而，吸引我们来这里的的理由依然非常充分。

这里孕育伟大的梦想，也有实现这些梦想的天才和激情。在一个愤世嫉俗的年代，这个地方仍然相信人类解决问题的能力是无限的，但是，似乎人类制造问题的潜力也是无限的。这是我今天想谈论的话题。我的一个领悟是，如果技术没有改变我们，它可以将我们放大，无论是优点还是缺点。我们在技术上，在政治上的问题就是人性的问题。从伊甸园到今天，人性是今天所有问题的源头，解决这些问题也必须发挥人文精神。

首先，一个简单的事实。硅谷诞生了现代史上一些最具革命性的发明。从惠普在车库里制造出的第一台音频振荡器到你们手里拿着的苹果手机。社交媒体，共享视频，快照和故事将地球上一半的人连接在一起，这些都与斯坦福有关。

而最近一段时间，这个行业似乎正因为一个不那么高尚的创新而闻名：居功而无须担责。每一次数据泄露，每一次隐私侵犯和每一次对仇恨言论的漠视都是这种创新的具体表现。虚假新闻伤害着社会群体间的对话。一滴血就能换来奇迹的虚假承诺。似乎有太多人相信善意就可以为恶果开脱。但是不管你喜不喜欢，你所建立的和你所创造的一切决定了你是谁。

这话听起来可能有点疯狂。但是如果你建了一个制造混乱的工厂，你就不能逃避你对这些混乱的责任。承担责任意味着有勇气将这些问题思考清楚。几乎没有什么比隐私更重要。

如果我们习以为常，认为生活中的一切信息都不可避免地可以被收集、出售，甚至在遭到黑客攻击时泄露，那么我们失去的将不仅仅是数据，而是做人的自由。想想哪些信息可能泄露。你写的，说的每一句话，每一个好奇的话题，每一串想法，每一次冲动购买，每一个沮丧或软弱的时刻，每一次诉苦和抱怨，每一次私下分享的秘密。

在一个没有数字隐私的世界里，即使没有做错什么，而仅仅只是因为想法不同，你就可能开始审查自己。一开始不是彻底的，但是逐渐地减少冒险，减少希望，减少想象，减少冒险，减少创造，减少尝试，减少谈话，减少思考。数字监控的寒蝉效应是深远的，它触及一切。我们将会活在一个多么局促而缺乏想象力的世界。一开始不完全是，这种情况会一点一点地发生。具有讽刺意味的是，这种环境从一开始就会阻止硅谷的诞生。

我们需要情况变好，你们应该得到更好的环境。如果我们都相信自由意味着一个伟大思想能够生根发芽、成长和发育的环境，而不用担心不合理的限制或负担，那么我们就有责任改变事情发展的方向，因为你们这一代人应当拥有同前一代人一样的，塑造未来的自由。在座的毕业生至少也要从这些错误中学习：居功须担责。

你们当中很多人，绝大多数，根本不会从事技术领域。这是应该的，我们需要你们的思想活跃在广泛的领域，因为我们面临的挑战是巨大的，任何单一行业都无法解决。无论你们去哪里，无论你们做什么，我都知道你们会雄心勃勃。如果不是，那你们今天不会在这里。将你们的抱负与谦逊相结合：有目标的谦逊。

谦逊并不意味着驯服，让自己的世界变小，或者做得更少。正相反，谦逊服务于更大的目标。 作家Madeleine L’Engle写到：“谦逊是不管自己，完全专注于某件事或某个人。”换句话说，不管你这辈子做什么，做一名建设者。你不必从头建造一座了不起的建筑，相反，最好的创办人，那些拥有不朽创造和随时间流逝名望却不断增长的人，将大部分时间都花在建设上，积跬步成千里。

建设者认为终其一生所完成的创作终将有一天比他们自己还重要，比任何一个人都重要，这样很好。他们在意的是创作能够影响几代人，这不是创作的副产品，而是创作的唯一目的。

几天后我们将迎来“石墙暴动”50周年纪念日。当主顾们那天晚上出现在石墙旅店的时候，那些不同种族的，年龄不一的同性恋和跨性别者，谁也不知道即将到来到来的是什么，连梦想一下似乎都是愚蠢的。当门被警察撞开的时候，对于这些主顾而言，不是机会来敲门，也不是命运的召唤，而只是世界再一次告诉这群人，他们是跟别人不一样的无用之才。但是这群人聚集起来感受到自己的力量，这是一种信念，坚信他们可以活得更好，而不是继续生活在影子里，生活在别人的漠视之中。如果别人不能给予他们想要的生活，他们就要自己去建立这样一个世界。

石墙事件发生的时候我只有八岁，距离事发地1000英里。那时候没有新闻推送，没有网上疯传的照片，也没有什么方法能让墨西哥湾沿岸地区的一个小孩听到那些不可思议的英雄们讲述这些故事。如果没有发生这件事情，格林尼治村（石墙事件发生地）对我而言可能是另一个星球，虽然我知道那里可能也同样存在诋毁和仇恨。很长的一段时间里，我不知道对于一群来自我从来没去过的一个地方的人，我需要表达怎样的感谢，但是我将永远感激他们建设的勇气。毕业生们，作为一名建设者，你们的事业不可能这个星球上最伟大的事业，因为你们不可能永远生活在这个星球上，事业未竟也要坦然接受。

说到这，我想表达我最后的一点建议。十四年前，乔布斯站在这个台上，告诉你们的前辈：“你们的时间有限，不要浪费时间去过别人的生活。” 这里是我的推论：“你们的导师能帮助你们有所准备，但他们无法做到让你们准备好。”

史蒂夫生病的时候，我坚定地认为他会好起来。我不仅认为他能战胜病魔，我更从心底由衷地相信，即使在我自己离开后，他仍然会长期引领着苹果公司。然后有一天，他把我叫到他家，告诉我事情不会是我想的那样。即便如此，我仍坚信他会留任董事长。时不时地回公司，一直在为我们提供咨询建议。

但我这样想真是没有道理的。我从来就不应该这么想。事实一一摆在眼前。而当他走了，真的走了的时候，我才了解到做准备和准备好之间真正的、深层的差异。我这一生从未有过如此巨大的孤独感，完全不是一个数量级的。就像你明明被人们包围着，却无法真正看到、听到甚至感觉到他们的存在，但我能感受到他们的期望。

尘埃落定之后，我知道我必须成为最好的自己。我知道如果每天早上起床之后，只是按照他人的期望或要求设置自己日程，就会让人发疯。所以14年前的那句话现在也适用，不要浪费自己的时间去过别人的生活。不要一味模仿走在你前面的人，排斥其他一切，硬是把自己扭曲成不合适的形状。

这需要太多的精力思考 - 应该用于创造和建设的精力。重新思考每一个想法，你会浪费宝贵的时间。同时，你也不骗不了任何人。毕业生，事实是，当你的时机到来时，总会有这么一天，你永远都还没有做好准备。本来也就没有准备好了这回事。在意想不到之中寻求希望。在挑战之中找到勇气。在孤独的道路上找到你的愿景。

不要分心。有太多人想要荣誉却不愿承担责任。太多的人毫无建树却出现在剪彩的时刻。敢于与众不同。留下有价值的东西。永远记住，你不能将它私藏。你必须要将它传递下去。非常感谢大家。祝贺2019年的毕业生们！

英文版原文如下：

Good morning, Class of 2019!

Thank you, President Tessier-Lavigne, for that generous introduction. I’ll do my best to earn it.

Before I begin, I want to recognize everyone whose hard work made this celebration possible, including the groundskeepers, ushers, volunteers and crew. Thank you.

I’m honored and frankly a little astonished to be invited to join you for this most meaningful of occasions.

Graduates, this is your day. But you didn’t get here alone.

Family and friends, teachers, mentors, loved ones, and, of course, your parents, all worked together to make you possible and they share your joy today. Here on Father’s Day, let’s give the dads in particular a round of applause.

Stanford is near to my heart, not least because I live just a mile and a half from here.

Of course, if my accent hasn’t given it away, for the first part of my life I had to admire this place from a distance.

I went to school on the other side of the country, at Auburn University, in the heart of landlocked Eastern Alabama.

You may not know this, but I was on the sailing team all four years.

It wasn’t easy. Back then, the closest marina was a three-hour drive away. For practice, most of the time we had to wait for a heavy rainstorm to flood the football field. And tying knots is hard! Who knew?

Yet somehow, against all odds, we managed to beat Stanford every time. We must have gotten lucky with the wind.

Kidding aside, I know the real reason I’m here, and I don’t take it lightly.

Stanford and Silicon Valley’s roots are woven together. We’re part of the same ecosystem. It was true when Steve stood on this stage 14 years ago, it’s true today, and, presumably, it’ll be true for a while longer still.

The past few decades have lifted us together. But today we gather at a moment that demands some reflection.

Fueled by caffeine and code, optimism and idealism, conviction and creativity, generations of Stanford graduates (and dropouts) have used technology to remake our society.

But I think you would agree that, lately, the results haven’t been neat or straightforward.

In just the four years that you’ve been here at the Farm, things feel like they have taken a sharp turn.

Crisis has tempered optimism. Consequences have challenged idealism. And reality has shaken blind faith.

And yet we are all still drawn here.

For good reason.

Big dreams live here, as do the genius and passion to make them real. In an age of cynicism, this place still believes that the human capacity to solve problems is boundless.

But so, it seems, is our potential to create them.

That’s what I’m interested in talking about today. Because if I’ve learned one thing, it’s that technology doesn’t change who we are, it magnifies who we are, the good and the bad.

Our problems – in technology, in politics, wherever – are human problems. From the Garden of Eden to today, it’s our humanity that got us into this mess, and it’s our humanity that’s going to have to get us out.

If you want credit for the good, take responsibility for the bad

First things first, here’s a plain fact.

Silicon Valley is responsible for some of the most revolutionary inventions in modern history.

From the first oscillator built in the Hewlett-Packard garage to the iPhones that I know you’re holding in your hands.

Social media, shareable video, snaps and stories that connect half the people on Earth. They all trace their roots to Stanford’s backyard.

But lately, it seems, this industry is becoming better known for a less noble innovation: the belief that you can claim credit without accepting responsibility.

We see it every day now, with every data breach, every privacy violation, every blind eye turned to hate speech. Fake news poisoning our national conversation. The false promise of miracles in exchange for a single drop of your blood. Too many seem to think that good intentions excuse away harmful outcomes.

But whether you like it or not, what you build and what you create define who you are.

It feels a bit crazy that anyone should have to say this. But if you’ve built a chaos factory, you can’t dodge responsibility for the chaos. Taking responsibility means having the courage to think things through.

And there are few areas where this is more important than privacy.

If we accept as normal and unavoidable that everything in our lives can be aggregated, sold, or even leaked in the event of a hack, then we lose so much more than data.

We lose the freedom to be human.

Think about what’s at stake. Everything you write, everything you say, every topic of curiosity, every stray thought, every impulsive purchase, every moment of frustration or weakness, every gripe or complaint, every secret shared in confidence.

In a world without digital privacy, even if you have done nothing wrong other than think differently, you begin to censor yourself. Not entirely at first. Just a little, bit by bit. To risk less, to hope less, to imagine less, to dare less, to create less, to try less, to talk less, to think less. The chilling effect of digital surveillance is profound, and it touches everything.

What a small, unimaginative world we would end up with. Not entirely at first. Just a little, bit by bit. Ironically, it’s the kind of environment that would have stopped Silicon Valley before it had even gotten started.

We deserve better. You deserve better.

If we believe that freedom means an environment where great ideas can take root, where they can grow and be nurtured without fear of irrational restrictions or burdens, then it’s our duty to change course, because your generation ought to have the same freedom to shape the future as the generation that came before.

Graduates, at the very least, learn from these mistakes. If you want to take credit, first learn to take responsibility.

Be a builder

Now, a lot of you – the vast majority – won’t find yourselves in tech at all. That’s as it should be. We need your minds at work far and wide, because our challenges are great, and they can’t be solved by any single industry.

No matter where you go, no matter what you do, I know you will be ambitious. You wouldn’t be here today if you weren’t. Match that ambition with humility – a humility of purpose.

That doesn’t mean being tamer, being smaller, being less in what you do. It’s the opposite, it’s about serving something greater. The author Madeleine L’Engle wrote, “Humility is throwing oneself away in complete concentration on something or someone else.”

In other words, whatever you do with your life, be a builder.

You don’t have to start from scratch to build something monumental. And, conversely, the best founders – the ones whose creations last and whose reputations grow rather than shrink with passing time – they spend most of their time building, piece by piece.

Builders are comfortable in the belief that their life’s work will one day be bigger than them – bigger than any one person. They’re mindful that its effects will span generations. That’s not an accident. In a way, it’s the whole point.

In a few days we will mark the 50th anniversary of the riots at Stonewall.

When the patrons of the Stonewall Inn showed up that night – people of all races, gay and transgender, young and old – they had no idea what history had in store for them. It would have seemed foolish to dream it.

When the door was busted open by police, it was not the knock of opportunity or the call of destiny. It was just another instance of the world telling them that they ought to feel worthless for being different.

But the group gathered there felt something strengthen in them. A conviction that they deserved something better than the shadows, and better than oblivion.

And if it wasn’t going to be given, then they were going to have to build it themselves.

I was 8 years old and a thousand miles away when Stonewall happened. There were no news alerts, no way for photos to go viral, no mechanism for a kid on the Gulf Coast to hear these unlikely heroes tell their stories.

Greenwich Village may as well have been a different planet, though I can tell you that the slurs and hatreds were the same.

What I would not know, for a long time, was what I owed to a group of people I never knew in a place I’d never been.

Yet I will never stop being grateful for what they had the courage to build.

Graduates, being a builder is about believing that you cannot possibly be the greatest cause on this Earth, because you aren’t built to last. It’s about making peace with the fact that you won’t be there for the end of the story.

You won’t be ready

That brings me to my last bit of advice.

Fourteen years ago, Steve stood on this stage and told your predecessors: “Your time is limited, so don’t waste it living someone else’s life.”

Here’s my corollary: “Your mentors may leave you prepared, but they can’t leave you ready.”

When Steve got sick, I had hardwired my thinking to the belief that he would get better. I not only thought he would hold on, I was convinced, down to my core, that he’d still be guiding Apple long after I, myself, was gone.

Then, one day, he called me over to his house and told me that it wasn’t going to be that way.

Even then, I was convinced he would stay on as chairman. That he’d step back from the day to day but always be there as a sounding board.

But there was no reason to believe that. I never should have thought it. The facts were all there.

And when he was gone, truly gone, I learned the real, visceral difference between preparation and readiness.

It was the loneliest I’ve ever felt in my life. By an order of magnitude. It was one of those moments where you can be surrounded by people, yet you don’t really see, hear or even feel them. But I could sense their expectations.

When the dust settled, all I knew was that I was going to have to be the best version of myself that I could be.

I knew that if you got out of bed every morning and set your watch by what other people expect or demand, it’ll drive you crazy.

So what was true then is true now. Don’t waste your time living someone else’s life. Don’t try to emulate the people who came before you to the exclusion of everything else, contorting into a shape that doesn’t fit.

It takes too much mental effort – effort that should be dedicated to creating and building. You’ll waste precious time trying to rewire your every thought, and, in the mean time, you won’t be fooling anybody.

Graduates, the fact is, when your time comes, and it will, you’ll never be ready.

But you’re not supposed to be. Find the hope in the unexpected. Find the courage in the challenge. Find your vision on the solitary road.

Don’t get distracted.

There are too many people who want credit without responsibility.

Too many who show up for the ribbon cutting without building anything worth a damn.

Be different. Leave something worthy.

And always remember that you can’t take it with you. You’re going to have to pass it on.

Thank you very much. And Congratulations to the Class of 2019!